alfred adler anna freud beyond the pleasure principle carl jung civilization and its discontents ego psychology erik erikson ernest jones harry stack sullivan heinz kohut international psychoanalytical association interpersonal psychoanalysis jacques lacan karen horney libido margaret mahler melanie klein nancy chodorow otto rank preconscious psychic apparatus psychoanalysis psychological resistance psychosexual development psychosocial development relational psychoanalysis ronald fairbairn self psychology sigmund freud susan sutherland isaacs the interpretation of dreams transference united states