aachen adolf hitler allied advance from paris to the rhine allies of world war ii battle battle for the hague battle of britain battle of crucifix hill battle of dunkirk battle of fort eben-emael battle of france battle of hannut battle of maastricht battle of moerbrugge battle of overloon battle of rotterdam battle of zeeland battle of the bulge battle of the grebbeberg battle of the netherlands battle of the scheldt charlemagne colmar pocket dieppe raid end of world war ii in europe franz oppenhoff geographic coordinate system gerhard wilck gerhard von schwerin germany holy roman empire italian invasion of france medal of honor nazi germany ninth united states army operation clipper operation market garden operation queen osprey publishing siege united states urban warfare volkssturm western allied invasion of germany william hood simpson world war ii