abbasid caliphate al-maqrizi armenian kingdom of cilicia baalbek bab zuweila baghdad baibars battle of elbistan battle of mohi battle of ngasaunggyan battle of pagan battle of samara bend battle of xiangyang battle of yamen berke cairo cambridge university press caucasus circassian constantinople crusader states damascus egypt emir first battle of homs franco-mongol alliance galilee genghis khan georgians goliath hand cannon hashshashin heavy cavalry houghton mifflin hulagu khan ilkhanate islam jezreel valley jordan river khanate kingdom of jerusalem kitbuqa levant macro-historical mamluk mongke mongol invasion of burma mongol invasion of central asia mongol invasion of china mongol invasion of europe mongol invasion of java mongol invasion of poland mongol invasion of volga bulgaria mongol invasions of georgia and armenia mongol invasions of india mongol invasions of japan mongol invasions of korea mongol invasions of syria mongol invasions of vietnam mongol raids into palestine mongols nestorianism nile palestine pope alexander iv principality of antioch qutuz samaria saudi aramco world sidon timeline of mongol conquests tumen turkic peoples university of michigan press