agricultural research service alpha-linolenic acid antioxidant apomixis astringent australia berry biennial plant biological classification blackberry botany botryotinia bramble calcium carotene carotenoid caterpillar chile copper cultivar cyanidin dessert devil dewberry diarrhea dietary fiber dysentery ellagic acid flower flowering plant folic acid fruit gallic acid honey invasive species iron age john innes centre leaf leaf shape linoleic acid loganberry lutein magnesium magnoliopsida mammal manchester manganese marionberry mexico michaelmas mold new zealand norwich oregon oregon state university oxygen radical absorbance capacity pacific northwest perennial plant petal plant pollinator polyphenol polyphenol antioxidant potassium protein quercetin raceme raspberry raspberry bushy dwarf virus redberry mite rosaceae rosales rosoideae rubus rubus armeniacus rubus laciniatus rubus occidentalis rubus ursinus sodium soil tannin united kingdom united states department of agriculture university of arkansas university of illinois at urbana-champaign virus vitamin a vitamin c vitamin k weed western oregon wikibooks wikimedia commons wine youngberry zeaxanthin