abolition advertising ballet blackface bowery amphitheatre chatham garden theatre chinese american chinese theatre domestic manners of the americans edwin forrest frances trollope frank chanfrau gas lighting george washington dixon german american germans henry astor irish american irish people ithiel town john trimble louisa lane drew lower east side manhattan melodrama minstrel show nativism negro neoclassical architecture new york city opera pantomime philip hone playhouse populism thomas flynn united states vaudeville visual effects william farren working class yankee yiddish theatre