academy acoreus adiaphora aglaonike almagest anaxagoras anaximander ancient greece andronicus of cyrrhus angle trisection anicius manlius severinus boethius anthemius of tralles antikythera mechanism antipater of tarsus antipater of tyre apatheia apollodorus of seleucia apollonius of perga aratus archimedes archimedes palimpsest archytas aristaeus the elder aristarchus of samos aristillus aristo of chios arithmetica armillary sphere astrolabe astronomer astronomy in medieval islam ataraxia athenodoros cananites attalus of rhodes autolycus of pitane babylonian astronomy babylonian mathematics bion of abdera bryson of heraclea callippic cycle callippus carpus of antioch celestial spheres chrysippus circle of latitude circumference cleanthes cleostratus conon of samos counter-earth crates of mallus ctesibius dardanus of athens deferent and epicycle democritus diairesis dicaearchus dinostratus diodotus the stoic diogenes of babylon dionysodorus diophantus dioptra domninus of larissa doubling the cube earth egyptian astronomy egyptian mathematics epictetus equant equatorial ring eratosthenes euclid euctemon eudaimonia eudemus of rhodes eudoxus of cnidus euphrates the stoic eutocius of ascalon gaius musonius rufus geminus geocentric model gnomon greek astronomy greek mathematics hecato of rhodes heliocentrism heraclides ponticus herillus of carthage hero of alexandria hicetas hipparchic cycle hipparchus hippasus hippias hippocrates of chios hypatia of alexandria hypsicles impact crater indian astronomy indian mathematics junius rusticus katalepsis kathekon legend leo the mathematician library of alexandria logos lucius annaeus cornutus lunar eclipse mactutor history of mathematics archive marcus aurelius marinus of neapolis mathematician menaechmus menelaus of alexandria meton of athens metonic cycle mnesarchus of athens moon mural instrument neostoicism nicomachus nicoteles of cyrene octaeteris oenopides panaetius pappus of alexandria persaeus philip of opus philolaus philon physis posidonius problem of apollonius proclus ptolemy pythagoras pytheas rhodes science in medieval western europe seleucus of seleucia seneca the younger serenus of antinouplis sextus of chaeronea simplicius of cilicia solstice sosigenes of alexandria sosigenes the peripatetic sphaerus sphere spherical earth sporus of nicaea squaring the circle stoic passions stoicism strabo sublunary sphere sun textbook thales theodorus of cyrene theodosius of bithynia theon of alexandria theon of smyrna thymaridas timetable of greek mathematicians timocharis xenocrates zeno of citium zeno of elea zeno of sidon zeno of tarsus zodiac