aachen archbishopric of utrecht arguin bad oeynhausen bielefeld bishopric of minden bishopric of paderborn borgholzhausen brandenburg-prussia bronkhorst corvey abbey counts of schauenburg and holstein county county of bentheim county of horne county of hoya county of manderscheid county of mark dortmund draheim duchy of cleves duchy of magdeburg duchy of prussia duisburg east frisia enger essen abbey farther pomerania gemen german colonial empire german language germany government graf grand duchy of posen grand duchy of the lower rhine greater berlin act halle-merseburg herford hesse-nassau hiddenhausen history of cologne holy roman empire imperial circle kingdom of prussia kirchlengern lord lordship of myllendonk lordship of wickrath lower rhenish-westphalian circle margraviate of brandenburg middle ages minden-ravensberg napoleonic wars new east prussia new silesia posen-west prussia prince-bishop principality principality of halberstadt principality of lippe province of brandenburg province of east prussia province of hanover province of hohenzollern province of kurhessen province of lower silesia province of magdeburg province of nassau province of pomerania province of posen province of prussia province of saxony province of schleswig-holstein province of silesia province of upper silesia province of westphalia prussia prussian guelders ravensburg rhine province roman catholic archdiocese of cambrai sayn schaumburg schaumburg-lippe silesia south prussia sparrenberg castle spenge teutoburg forest treaty of xanten versmold vlotho warburg werden abbey werre west prussia western pomerania westphalia wied