anatomy antihelix antitragus auditory radiations auditory system basilar membrane brain cochlea cochlear duct cochlear nerve cochlear nuclei cupula eardrum earlobe endolymph endolymphatic duct endolymphatic sac equilibrium eustachian tube flocculonodular lobe hair cell helicotrema horizontal semicircular canal incus inferior colliculus inner ear kinocilium lateral lemniscus limbus spiralis macula of saccule macula of utricle malleus medial geniculate nucleus membranous labyrinth middle ear olivocochlear system organ of corti osseous ampullae ossicles otolith outer ear oval window perilymph posterior semicircular canal primary auditory cortex round window saccule scala tympani scala vestibuli semicircular canal sensory system spiral ganglion spiral ligament stapedius stapes stria vascularis sulcus spiralis externus sulcus spiralis internus superior semicircular canal tensor tympani torus tubarius trapezoid body umbo of tympanic membrane utricle ventral posterolateral nucleus vestibular cortex vestibular nerve vestibular nuclei vestibular system vestibule of the ear vestibulocochlear nerve vestibulospinal tract