accademia della crusca acute accent aerospace affricate consonant african american vernacular english african union afrikaans alemannic german allophone alveolar consonant alveolar lateral approximant alveolar nasal alveolar tap alveolar trill american english american samoa american sign language american and british english spelling differences anglic languages anglicisation anglo-norman anglo-norman language anglophone caribbean anglosphere anguilla antigua and barbuda appalachian english approximant consonant arabic language argentina aruba australasia australia australian english austria auxiliary verb aviation aymara language bahamian dialect bahrain baltimorese barbados basic english beef belgium belize bermuda bermudian english bilabial consonant bilabial nasal bolivia book boston accent botswana brazil british empire british english british indian ocean territory british isles british sign language british virgin islands british overseas territories brunei buffalo english bulgarian language burmese english business cajun english california english cameroon cameroon english canada canadian english caribbean english cattle cayman islands changes to old english vocabulary channel island english channel islands channel tunnel charles kay ogden chicano english chile chinese language christmas island close-mid back rounded vowel close-mid front unrounded vowel close back rounded vowel close central unrounded vowel close front unrounded vowel cockney cocos island colombia colony commonwealth of nations communication constructed language controlled natural language court creole language cumbrian dialect czech language danish language david crystal david graddol deer denmark dependent territory diacritic diaeresis dialect dialect continuum diphthong diplomacy domestic sheep dominica dutch language e-prime early modern english east anglian english east midlands english ecuador edward johnson encyclopedia england english-based creole languages english-language vowel changes before historic l english-language vowel changes before historic r english alphabet english for academic purposes english grammar english in computing english language in england english language in europe english language learning and teaching english orthography english phonology english spelling reform english words with diacritics entertainment esperanto essay estonian language estuary english ethnologue etymology euro-english europanto european union falkland islands false friend faroese language federal union federated states of micronesia fiji finland finnish language first language flap consonant formal written english franglais french guiana french language fricative consonant frisian language frisian languages general american genre george orwell german language germanic languages germanic weak verb germany ghana gibraltar glasgow patter globish glottal consonant grammatical aspect grammatical case grammatical gender grammatical voice great britain great vowel shift greek language grenada guam guernsey guyana http cookie hard and soft c hard and soft g hiberno-english highland english historical linguistics history of the english language hong kong hong kong english hudson valley english human voice hungarian language iceland icelandic language ido india indian english indo-european languages inflection inland northern american english interdental consonant international english international olympic committee international phonetic alphabet international auxiliary language international organization internet intervocalic alveolar flapping iotation irish language irony isle of man italian language italic languages jamaica jamaican english jersey kenya kiribati l-vocalization lamb and mutton lancashire dialect and accent language report language attrition language change language family languages of peru languages of the african union languages of the european union lateral consonant latin alphabet latvian language lesotho liberia liberian english lingua franca linguistic imperialism list of english words of dutch origin list of english words of french origin list of french words and phrases used by english speakers list of germanic and latinate equivalents in english list of countries by english-speaking population list of dialects of the english language list of language regulators list of languages by number of native speakers lists of english words of international origin literacy lithuanian language liverpool loanword low german luxembourg luxembourgish language madagascar magazine malawian english malaysia malaysian english malta maltenglish maltese language manually coded english manx english maritimer english marshall islands mauritius merriam-webster mid-atlantic english middle english middle english creole hypothesis midland american english modal verb modern english modern language monophthong montserrat nato phonetic alphabet namibia nasal consonant nauru near-close near-back vowel near-close near-front unrounded vowel near-open central vowel near-open front unrounded vowel neologism netherlands netherlands antilles new england english new york dialect new zealand new zealand english newfoundland english newspaper nigeria nigerian pidgin norfolk island norman conquest of england norman language normans north america north american english north central american english north germanic languages northeast pennsylvania english northern english northern mariana islands norway norwegian language obfuscation official language old english language old norman open-mid back rounded vowel open-mid back unrounded vowel open-mid central unrounded vowel open-mid front unrounded vowel open back rounded vowel open back unrounded vowel open front unrounded vowel orthography oxford english dictionary pacific northwest english pakistan palatal approximant palatal consonant palau papua new guinea paraguay pennsylvania dutch english peru philadelphia accent philippine english philippines phonological history of english consonant clusters phonological history of english consonants phonological history of english diphthongs phonological history of english fricatives and affricates phonological history of english high back vowels phonological history of english high front vowels phonological history of english low back vowels phonological history of english short a phonological history of english vowels phonological history of the english language phonological history of wh phonology pidgin pig pitcairn islands pittsburgh english plain english plural pluricentric language polish language politics and the english language pork portuguese language pronoun pronunciation of english th protectorate proto-indo-european language puerto rico qwerty quebec quebec english quechua question r-colored vowel radio received pronunciation regional accents of english republic of ireland retroflex approximant rhotic and non-rhotic accents romance languages romanian language russian language rwanda saint helena saint kitts and nevis saint lucia saint vincent and the grenadines samoa schwa science science citation index scots language scottish english scouse seaspeak second language seychelles sierra leone simplified english singapore slang slovak language slovene language slovenia sociolinguistics solomon islands south african english south georgia and the south sandwich islands southern american english southern english english spanish language special english sri lanka standard english statistics canada statistics new zealand statistics south africa stop consonant strong inflection superpower suriname swahili language swaziland sweden swedish language syllable coda synonym syntax tanzania teaching english as a foreign language th-alveolarization th-debuccalization th-fronting th-stopping the bahamas the gambia then-thyn split thou tidewater accent tok pisin torres strait english trinidad and tobago trinidadian english tunnelspeak turks and caicos islands uganda unicode uniform resource locator united arab emirates united kingdom united nations united states upper class uruguay utah english velar consonant velar nasal venezuela venison voice of america voiced alveolar fricative voiced alveolar plosive voiced bilabial plosive voiced labiodental fricative voiced velar plosive voiceless alveolar fricative voiceless alveolar plosive voiceless bilabial plosive voiceless glottal fricative voiceless labiodental fricative voiceless palatal fricative voiceless velar fricative voiceless velar plosive vowel vowel length wales welsh welsh english west country dialects west germanic languages west low german west midlands english western american english wikipedia wikiquote wikiversity wiktionary word order world war ii world language writing system yerba mate yiddish language yooper dialect yorkshire dialect and accent zambia zimbabwe