adolf butenandt adolf otto reinhold windaus alma mater aqua regia arne tiselius arthur harden artturi ilmari virtanen budapest carl bosch chemistry copenhagen denmark dirk coster dmitri mendeleev doctorate friedrich bergius germany hafnium hans fischer hans von euler-chelpin harold urey heinrich otto wieland hungary irving langmuir james franck john howard northrop kurt alder latin ludwig gattermann max von laue metabolism niels bohr niels bohr institute nobel prize nobel prize in chemistry otto diels otto hahn pmid paul karrer peter debye radioactive tracer radiochemistry richard kuhn richard lorenz technical university of berlin theodor svedberg university of frankfurt university of manchester walter haworth wendell meredith stanley william giauque world war ii