alfred hermann fried anna branting arvid lindman arvid posse august palm austen chamberlain axel pehrsson-bramstorp bertha von suttner bolshevik bolshevist russia capitalism carl gustaf ekman carl johan thyselius carl swartz charles albert gobat christian lous lange christian lundeberg claes tholin eduard bernstein elihu root ernesto teodoro moneta ernst trygger february revolution felix hamrin finland fredrik bajer fredrik reinfeldt fredrik von otter fridtjof nansen gothenburg henri la fontaine henry dunant ingvar carlsson institut de droit international international peace bureau international red cross and red crescent movement johan ramstedt karl staaff klas pontus arnoldson league of nations marxism menshevik nobel peace prize norway october revolution ola ullsten olof palme oscar von sydow per albin hansson prime minister of sweden reformism rickard sandler robert themptander russia stockholm observatory sweden swedish social democratic party swedish language tage erlander theodore roosevelt tobias michael carel asser universal suffrage wikimedia commons william randal cremer woodrow wilson