abjad abugida adolphe quetelet alan maceachren alphabet asemic writing ben shneiderman cartography charles joseph minard chart chemical imaging chinese character computer graphics creative visualization crime mapping cytogenetics data visualization diagram edward tufte egyptian hieroglyphs emoticon energy systems language featural alphabet flow visualization geovisualization graph drawing graph of a function grapheme graphic design greek language hanja history of the alphabet history of writing hobo idea illustration imaging science information graphics information science information visualization instant messaging jacques bertin kanji lexigram list of inventors of writing systems list of languages by first written accounts list of languages by writing system list of writing systems logic logogram map mathematical diagram mathematical notation medical imaging mental image michael friendly michael maltz molecular graphics morpheme music visualization neuroimaging nigel holmes ojibwa otto neurath phoneme photograph photography pictogram scientific modelling scientific visualization sioux software visualization sona language spatial analysis statistical graphics stuart card syllabary technical drawing traffic sign undeciphered writing systems unified modeling language visual analytics visual perception volume rendering wayfinding william playfair word writing system