accident actus reus arrest arson assault attempt bribery burglary clause cognate object common law compounding a felony compounding treason concurrence contract corporate liability crime criminal law criminal negligence deception offences diminished responsibility duress english language facilitation frank schmalleger ignorantia juris non excusat imperative impossibility defense inchoative insanity defense intention intoxication kidnapping lesser included offense linguistics mae west mail fraud malfeasance in office manslaughter mens rea misprision misprision of felony misprision of treason murder necessity object obstruction of justice organized crime participle perjury pimp property damage property law public health rape res ipsa loquitur right of self-defense robbery sentence solicitation stalking tense theft tort trusts and estates united states