adolf butenandt adolf otto reinhold windaus alma mater american chemical society argon arne tiselius arthur amos noyes arthur harden artturi ilmari virtanen atomic hydrogen welding australia blood plasma brooklyn carl bosch chemistry cloud seeding cold fusion columbia university cubical atom deer botfly deicing diffusion pump doctorate dry ice edgar fahs smith elizabeth ann nalley farrington daniels fred basolo friedrich bergius fu foundation school of engineering and applied science gas tungsten arc welding general electric george de hevesy hans fischer hans von euler-chelpin harold urey heinrich otto wieland henry eyring hydrogen incandescent light bulb inert gas iodide ira remsen irving langmuir house isotope john howard northrop joseph francisco julius stieglitz kurt alder langmuir laboratory for atmospheric research langmuir circulation langmuir probe lewi tonks linus pauling max tishler melvin calvin meteorology monolayer moses gomberg national historic landmark nernst glower new york nobel prize in chemistry otto diels otto hahn pathological science paul karrer perkin medal peter debye physics polywater pseudoscience richard kuhn roger adams ronald breslow sargasso sea scientific method sonar stevens institute of technology the new york times theodor svedberg thermionic emission tom lane tungsten united states vacuum tube walter haworth walther kossel walther nernst wendell meredith stanley william comings white william giauque windrow world war i world war ii