alessandro battilocchio alliance of progressives amadeo bordiga amalia sartori amintore fanfani antonio di pietro antonio ruberti benito mussolini bettino craxi bobo craxi bolshevik calabria carlo fontana carnation carnation revolution chiara moroni christian democratic centre christian democrats for the republic claudio martelli communist party of italy daisy civic list democratic party of the left democratic union for the republic democratic socialism democrats of the left enrico boselli european democracy european republicans movement fabrizio cicchitto federation of the greens fiamma nirenstein filippo turati forza italia francesco de martino francesco musotto franco frattini fronte marco polo genoa gianni de michelis giovanni giolitti giuliano amato giulio andreotti giulio tremonti giuseppe pericu green lists house of freedoms inflation italian communist party italian democratic party of monarchist unity italian democratic socialists italian reform socialist party italian renewal italian socialist party of proletarian unity italian socialists italy of values labour democratic party labour federation lelio basso luca barbareschi marcello pera margherita boniver mario chiesa middle-of-the-road italy monarchist national party movement for autonomy movement of unitarian communists national bloc of freedom national fascist party national syndicalism new italian socialist party ottaviano del turco pact for italy pact of democrats paolo guzzanti party of european socialists patto segni pia elda locatelli pietro nenni pole of freedoms pole of good government popular democratic front portugal proletarian democracy proletarian unity party rainbow greens reform socialist party renato brunetta riccardo nencini roberto villetti rosario olivo rose in the fist rump party sandro pertini sardinia project sicilian alliance social alternative social democratic party of south tyrol social democracy socialist international southern democratic party stefania craxi tangentopoli the democrats the italian socialists the people of freedom ugo intini umberto veronesi union of christian and centre democrats united christian democrats united consumers united states uomo qualunque front valdo spini world war ii