acquittal al-andalus alexander ii of russia alexis de tocqueville all-white jury arab-norman culture article three of the united states constitution assize of clarendon attorney general for england and wales australian capital territory bailiff bench trial brazil california canada canton of geneva capital jury project capital punishment change of venue civil procedure common law coroner courts of scotland courts of the united kingdom criminal law criminal procedure crown court cruel and unusual punishment custodial sentence dangerous offender david hume death-qualified jury defamation defendant deliberation diplock courts directed verdict double jeopardy emirate of sicily england england and wales english law exclusionary rule execution warrant exoneration false imprisonment federal rules of civil procedure fifth amendment to the united states constitution fiqh fourteenth amendment to the united states constitution france fraud frequency fully informed jury association germany government of india grand jury henry ii of england hunch hung jury india indictment islamic golden age israeli judicial system japan john of england joseph story judge judicial reform of alexander ii juries in japan jury jury instructions jury nullification jury research jury selection jury tampering justice law le temps life licence lysander spooner magistrate magna carta majority malicious prosecution maliki mandatory sentencing miscarriage of justice morality murder negotiation new south wales norman conquest of england normans north africa north carolina law review northern ireland northern territory not proven october revolution pardon parole peremptory challenge plaintiff plea bargain presumption of innocence probation prosecutor public trial qadi queensland rescission right to a fair trial right to counsel rights of englishmen rights of the accused robert badinter rodney king roman law russia russian empire scientific jury selection scotland self-incrimination seventh amendment to the united states constitution sharia sixth amendment to the united states constitution south australia specific finding specific performance speedy trial star chamber struck jury supreme court of the united states suspended sentence tasmania terrorism thegn ticino treason trial by jury trial by ordeal united kingdom united states united states constitution united states district court vaud verdict viking voir dire wales western australia writ