albany movement american civil war arkansas arkansas general assembly bayard rustin birmingham campaign black power brooks hays carlotta walls lanier clyde kennard congress of racial equality congressional gold medal constitutionality coretta scott king crisis at central high daisy bates dale alford desegregation dorothy height elizabeth eckford ella baker ernest green fannie lou hamer fred shuttlesworth freedom summer freedom ride gloria ray karlmark governor of arkansas harry ashmore james forman james hood james meredith jefferson thomas jesse jackson leadership conference on civil rights lee lorch little rock central high school little rock school district malcolm x march on washington for jobs and freedom medgar evers melba pattillo beals minnijean brown-trickey mississippi freedom democratic party modjeska monteith simkins montgomery bus boycott national association for the advancement of colored people national council of negro women national park service national urban league new york city nine from little rock operation breadbasket orval faubus president of the united states racial segregation ralph abernathy reconstruction era of the united states robert parris moses rosa parks roy wilkins selma to montgomery marches shirley chisholm southern christian leadership conference southern united states spingarn medal stokely carmichael student nonviolent coordinating committee terrence roberts the mcdonogh three thelma mothershed-wair timeline of the african-american civil rights movement twenty-fourth amendment to the united states constitution united states army united states mint university of mississippi vernon dahmer victoria gray adams viola liuzzo vivian malone jones whitney young