beijing dialect changsha dialect china chinese chinese language classical chinese dalian dandong danzhouhua dungan language gan chinese gaoyang dialect hakka chinese hangzhou dialect harbin dialect hebei heilongjiang historical chinese phonology huizhou chinese japanese language jilin jin chinese language family liaoning list of chinese dialects list of language regulators mandarin chinese middle chinese min bei min chinese min dong min nan min zhong nanchang dialect ningbo dialect old chinese pinghua chinese pinyin proto-mandarin puxian min quzhou dialect russian language shandong shanghainese shaozhou tuhua simplified chinese characters sino-tibetan languages southern american english southern united states southwestern mandarin spoken chinese standard mandarin suzhou dialect taishanese taiwanese mandarin taiwanese minnan traditional chinese characters tungusic languages unicode varieties of chinese vernacular chinese wenzhou dialect written cantonese written chinese wu chinese wuxi dialect xiang chinese yue chinese zhongyuan mandarin