affricate consonant algerian arabic alveolar consonant ancient north arabian andalusian arabic arabian arabic arabic alphabet arabic language back vowel baghdad arabic bahrani arabic bedawi arabic bilabial consonant british empire central asian arabic chadian arabic classical arabic creole language cypriot maronite arabic dental consonant derek bickerton dhofari arabic egypt egyptian arabic emin pasha equatoria flap consonant front vowel glottal consonant gulf arabic hadhrami arabic hasaitic hejazi arabic iraqi arabic juba arabic judeo-arabic languages judeo-iraqi arabic judeo-tripolitanian arabic judeo-tunisian arabic kenya khuzestani arabic kibera labiodental consonant language family lateral consonant lebanese arabic levantine arabic lexicon libyan arabic list of language regulators literary arabic maghrebi arabic maltese language mesopotamia mid vowel moroccan arabic muslim conquests najdi arabic nasal consonant nigerian arabic north mesopotamian arabic north syrian arabic nubia nubian languages omani arabic palatal consonant palestinian arabic pharyngeal consonant postalveolar consonant safaitic saharan arabic shihhi arabic shirvani arabic siculo-arabic stop consonant sudan sudanese arabic syrian arabic tajiki arabic thamudic trill consonant tunisian arabic uganda unicode university of london uvular consonant uzbeki arabic varieties of arabic velar consonant writing system yemeni arabic