academy acoreus aglaonike almagest anaxagoras anaximander andronicus of cyrrhus anicius manlius severinus boethius anthemius of tralles antikythera mechanism apollonius of perga aratus archimedes archimedes palimpsest archytas aristaeus the elder aristarchus of samos aristillus arithmetica armillary sphere astrolabe astronomy in medieval islam athens atreus attalus of rhodes autolycus of pitane babylonian astronomy babylonian mathematics bion of abdera bryson of heraclea callippic cycle callippus carpus of antioch celestial spheres chios chrysippus circle of latitude cleomedes cleostratus common era compass conon of samos counter-earth ctesibius deferent and epicycle democritus dicaearchus dinostratus dionysodorus diophantus dioptra domninus of larissa eclipse egyptian astronomy egyptian mathematics equant equatorial ring eratosthenes euclid euctemon eudemus of rhodes eudoxus of cnidus eutocius of ascalon geminus geocentric model gnomon greece greek astronomy greek mathematics heliocentrism heraclides ponticus hero of alexandria hicetas hipparchic cycle hipparchus hippasus hippias hippocrates of chios hypatia of alexandria hypsicles indian astronomy indian mathematics ivor bulmer-thomas leo the mathematician library of alexandria marinus of neapolis menaechmus menelaus of alexandria meton of athens metonic cycle mural instrument nicomachus nicoteles of cyrene octaeteris pappus of alexandria philip of opus philolaus philon planet posidonius proclus ptolemy pythagoras pytheas saros science in medieval western europe seleucus of seleucia serenus of antinouplis sidereal year simplicius of cilicia solstice sosigenes of alexandria sosigenes the peripatetic spherical earth sporus of nicaea strabo straightedge sublunary sphere thales theodorus of cyrene theodosius of bithynia theon of alexandria theon of smyrna thyestes thymaridas timetable of greek mathematicians timocharis xenocrates zeno of elea zeno of sidon zodiac