api gravity adsorption air pollution algae alum american association for the advancement of science american institute of chemical engineers ammonia ammonium sulfate argonne national laboratory assay australian broadcasting corporation autun basidiolichen biodegradation biomass bituminous rocks black sunday brazil bureau of land management crc press cannel coal carbon carbon black carbon capture and storage carbon dioxide carbon fiber carbonaceous carbonate minerals cement chemical compound china cogeneration colorado colorado school of mines combustibility combustion company core research center department of energy diesel digital object identifier distillation district heating eroei egypt electricity generation elsevier energy information administration environmental impact of oil shale industry environmental impact statement environmentalism erosion estonia european commission exxonmobil fertilizer fossil fossil fuel power plant fuel futures contract gasoline germany green river formation greenhouse gas greenpeace groundwater history of the oil shale industry humic acid hydrocarbon hydrogen industrial revolution international standard serial number iron age israel jet fuel jordan kerogen kerosene kiviter process kukersite lacustrine land use mahogany research project misnomer mitigation of peak oil mongolia nahcolite narva power plants natural resources defense council natural gas negev news release nitrogen non-conventional oil oil refinery oil reserves oil shale economics oil shale extraction oil shale geology oil shale industry oil shale reserves ordovician oxygen paraffin peak oil petrography petroleum petrosix phenols plant cuticle pollen power station pyrolysis queensland queensland energy resources rand resin retort romania ronald reagan room and pillar royal dutch shell russia sapropel sedimentary rock shale shale gas silicon dioxide spore steam turbine stuart oil shale project sulfur surface mining sweden sweet crude oil synthetic liquid fuels program synthetic crude tasmanite the new yorker ton torbanite trillion underground mining united states department of energy united states house of representatives university of southampton university of wisconsin-madison university of wollongong upgrader uranium utah vapor waste management water pollution water resources west texas intermediate wikimedia commons world war i world war ii world energy resources and consumption wyoming