a modest proposal american bison an essay on the principle of population artificial selection black death cheetah classic maya collapse coalescent theory conservation biology digital object identifier ecological footprint ecological selection effective population size evolution evolutionary game theory extinction family planning fitness landscape food security founder effect generation genetic drift genetic genealogy genetic hitchhiking genetic linkage genome giant panda habitat destruction holocene extinction event ice age immune system inbreeding indonesia international conference on population and development lake toba linkage disequilibrium list of evolutionary biology topics list of metropolitan areas by population list of most highly-populated countries malthusian growth model masatoshi nei matrilineality microevolution minimum viable population mitochondrial dna mitochondrial eve natural environment natural selection neutral theory of molecular evolution northern elephant seal one-child policy operating manual for spaceship earth optimum population over-consumption overpopulation patrilineality population biology population control population decline population density population ecology population genetics population growth price equation pug punctuated equilibrium reproductive rights saiga antelope selection sewall wright sexual selection small population size speciation supervolcano sustainable development syria the day of six billion the population bomb the skeptical environmentalist the ultimate resource toba catastrophe theory united nations population fund upper paleolithic water crisis wisent world population day world population foundation world energy resources and consumption world population y-chromosomal adam y chromosome