accusative case archaism bahia brazil brazilian portuguese caipira clitic dative case dialect elision european portuguese grammatical gender grammatical number grammatical person historical fiction inflection nominative case non-finite clause objective pronoun pernambuco portugal portuguese grammar portuguese language portuguese verb conjugation possessive adjective possessive pronoun prepositional pronoun recife reciprocal pronoun reflexive pronoun rio grande do sul rio de janeiro santa catarina senhor standard language subjective pronoun syntax t-v distinction uruguay vulgar latin west iberian languages word stem