adaptation agriculture ambush predator anaconda animal communication apex predator aposematism aquarium autotroph bacterivore badger baleen whale bee biodiversity biological interaction biological pest control biological thermodynamics bird black-headed gull bone bottom feeder butterfly cambrian camouflage cannibalism carnivore carnivorous fungus carnivorous plant carnivorous protist carrion crow carrying capacity cat cheetah chimpanzee cholera coextinction commensalism competitive exclusion principle conservation biology convergent evolution coprophagia cormorant cost-benefit analysis cougar countershading crypsis detritivore detritus dhole digital object identifier divergent evolution dog duck ecological niche ecology ecosystem egret electric eel elephant essential nutrient evolutionary arms race evolutionary ecology extinction falcon farm fecundity filter feeder firearm firefly fish farming folivore food chain frog frugivore functional response fungivore gene generalist and specialist species geophagy graminivore granivore grass grazing gull hawk hematophagy herbivory heterotroph human hunger hunting hyena hymenoptera hypercarnivore insect insectivore interspecific competition introduced species jaguar kelp keystone species kleptoparasitism komodo dragon leopard lepidophagy lepidoptera lion list of feeding behaviours man-eater mathematical model memory microtus mimicry mistletoe mobbing behavior mockingbird molluscivore mosquito moth mouse mucophagy mutualism nectarivore nervous system nile crocodile omnivore oophagy ophiophagy optimal foraging theory orca ovophagy paedophagy palynivore parallel evolution parasitic plant parasitism parasitoid pesticide pet pig piranha piscivore placentophagy poison population population dynamics prey drive protein rattlesnake red-tailed hawk richard dawkins scavenger scientific hypothesis seed seed predation self-cannibalism sexual cannibalism shark snake snare spear species spongivore stotting sundew surplus killing symbiosis the selfish gene tiger trophallaxis unkenreflex venom wikimedia commons wiktionary wildebeest wolfram demonstrations project xylophagy zebra zooplankton