albumin alpha helix alpha solenoid amino acid amyloid bacteria beta-propeller beta barrel beta sheet bioinformatics biophysics bovine spongiform encephalopathy c-terminus chemical polarity chevron plot circular dichroism conformation conformational entropy conotoxin covalent bond creutzfeldt-jakob disease cysteine cystic fibrosis cytosol dna clamp denaturation midpoint digital object identifier disease disulfide bond downhill folding dual polarisation interferometry emphysema energy landscape enzyme equilibrium unfolding ferredoxin fold flavodoxin fold folding funnel foldit free energy globin fold globular protein globulin groel heat shock protein helix bundle homeodomain fold hydrogen bond immunoglobulin fold in silico in vivo international standard serial number kinetics lattice protein leucine-rich repeat levinthal paradox linus pauling lipid list of proteins list of types of proteins macromolecular crowding macromolecule melting temperature membrane protein molten globule n-terminus native state nucleoside triphosphate organism ph posttranslational modification primary structure prion proteasome protein protein biosynthesis protein design protein domain protein methods protein structure protein structure prediction protein targeting proteome proteopathy pubmed central quaternary structure random coil ribonuclease a ribosome rossmann fold salt software for molecular mechanics modeling solvent spontaneous process statistical potential stopped flow tim barrel temperature tertiary structure thermostability thioredoxin fold trefoil knot fold water x-ray crystallography