alan moore arrow of time arthur stanley eddington biochemistry biological thermodynamics biology boltzmann equation caloric theory carnot heat engine chemical potential closed system crystallization dave gorman design engineer duane gish engineering entanglement enthalpy entropy entropy and life ergodic hypothesis evolution exergy exergy efficiency first law of thermodynamics flanders and swann fluctuation theorem fundamental thermodynamic relation gibbs free energy h-theorem heat heat death of the universe heat engine heat reservoir helmholtz free energy history of entropy history of thermodynamics ideal gas irreversibility isolated system james clerk maxwell james prescott joule jarzynski equality kelvin laws of thermodynamics life maximum entropy thermodynamics mechanical equivalent of heat mechanical work molecular chaos motive power nicholas georgescu-roegen perpetual motion principia discordia quantum mechanics quantum thermodynamics reflections on the motive power of fire rudolf clausius spontaneous symmetry breaking stanford encyclopedia of philosophy statistical mechanics system systems ecology t-symmetry temperature the last question thermodynamic equilibrium thermodynamic free energy thermodynamic limit thermodynamics third law of thermodynamics thought experiment time universe von neumann entropy wikiquote zeroth law of thermodynamics