amphibole animal antelope canyon arenite arkose back-stripping biogenic substance bituminous rocks breccia calcite carbon cycle carbon dioxide cementation chalk clastic rock clay minerals connate fluids coral diagenesis dolomite dunham classification earth erosion evaporite feldspar flash flood flint foraminifera fossil geomicrobiology greywacke gypsum halite history of earth igneous rock india karnataka kukersite law of superposition limestone list of minerals list of rock types lithification lutite magnetite metamorphic rock oil shale ordovician overburden pressure particle size petroleum plant porosity quartz rudite rutile sandstone sediment sedimentary basin settling shale siltstone solution stromatolite till triassic unconformity utah weathering wikimedia commons zircon