al-andalus alonso lobo alonso mudarra antonio mira de amescua antonio de nebrija baroque music battle of lepanto caravaggio chile christ christopher columbus claudio coello consonance and dissonance counterpoint crete crucifixion diego pisador don quixote el escorial el greco ferdinand of aragon florence france francisco correa de arauxo francisco ribalta francisco de quevedo gil vicente giovanni pierluigi da palestrina golden age of jewish culture in spain habsburg spain history of spain ignatius of loyola islamic golden age italian renaissance juan cabanilles juan van der hamen la araucana las meninas lope de vega luis de morales middle ages miguel de cervantes motet new world officium defunctorum pablo bruna palestrina philip ii of spain philip iv of spain portugal protestant reformation reconquista renaissance music requiem roman school school of salamanca seville spanish baroque literature spanish empire spanish renaissance spanish language tintoretto tirso de molina titian treaty of the pyrenees william shakespeare