angle of repose aquifer aquifer test area atterberg limits automatic deformation monitoring system bearing capacity borehole bulk density california bearing ratio clay compressibility cone penetration test crosshole sonic logging deep foundation deformation monitoring direct shear test dynamic load testing earthquake effective stress exploration geophysics gabion geomembranes geosynthetic geosynthetic clay liner geotechnical engineering geotechnical investigation geotextile gravel ground-structure interaction groundwater groundwater flow equation hydraulic conductivity hydraulic head hydrogeology hydrometer landslide lateral earth pressure mass wasting mechanically stabilized earth newton nuclear densometer test overburden pressure peat pore water pressure porosity proctor compaction test response spectrum retaining wall s-wave sand seismic hazard shallow foundation sieve analysis silt slope stability slurry wall soil soil classification soil compaction soil liquefaction soil mechanics soil nailing specific weight standard penetration test thixotropy triaxial shear test void ratio volume water content water well wave equation analysis