adaptation aerial tramway alhambra alpine climate alps altitude sickness aneto aqueduct of segovia archivo general de indias argyranthemum aspromonte atlantic ocean avachinsky baba mountain baeza balkans barcelona beerenberg belasica biodiversity botev peak bugloss burgos cathedral caldera canary canary islands catalonia caucasus cedar chaffinch climbing route corno grande cumbre vieja decade volcanoes dents du midi dikti dufourspitze dykh-tau eastern europe echium wildpretii el escorial endemism erosion erysimum explosive eruption fauna feral cat finsteraarhorn first ascent flora flower fumarole galeras gallotia galloti garajonay national park gecko generalife geographic coordinate system gran paradiso grand combin grintovec guanches hawaii hemiptera hochtor hoher dachstein hospital de sant pau hydrogen sulfide hymenoptera ibiza igneous differentiation invertebrate jakupica juniperus cedrus kaimakchalan kebnekaise kestrel koryaksky la gomera la palma latitude leaf list of countries by highest point list of mountain types lists of mountains lizard lugo lunar mare macizo de anaga magma chamber mare imbrium marine geology marmolada massif mauna loa miocene moldoveanu peak mons pico mont blanc monte baldo monte cimone monte cinto monte viso montes teneriffe mouflon mount ainos mount aragats mount athos mount elbrus mount etna mount giona mount kazbek mount korab mount kyllini mount merapi mount narodnaya mount nyiragongo mount olympus mount parnassus mount pico mount rainier mount unzen mount vesuvius mural musala national park newtontoppen ortler oviedo palmeral of elche pangaion hills parador peleaga phonolite pico almanzor pico ruivo pine pinus canariensis piz bernina piz kesch pizzo di coca pliocene poblet monastery presanella puerto de la cruz pumice punta la marmora puy de sancy pyroclastic flow rabbit renaissance reptile rift romanesque architecture roque de los muchachos sakurajima salamanca santa cruz de tenerife santiago de compostela scandinavia scrambling segovia seville seville cathedral shield volcano skink smithsonian institution smolikas soil spain spanish language store lenangstind stratovolcano sulfur dioxide titsa taal volcano taygetus tebulosmta tenerife topographic prominence torre de cerredo tree line triglav unesco ulawun ultra prominent peak vascular plant vertebrate vihren viola cheiranthifolia vizcaya bridge volcanic explosivity index volcano western europe wikimedia commons wildspitze wind world heritage site zugspitze