alaska alex kozinski anthony kennedy appellate jurisdiction ari fleischer arizona bankruptcy appellate panel betty binns fletcher bill clinton california calvin coolidge chief justice of the united states chief judge clarence thomas commerce clause controlled substances act district court of guam edward leavy en banc federalism gerald ford grover cleveland guam harry pregerson hawaii herbert choy herbert hoover homer bone idaho immigration law james alger fee jay bybee jimmy carter joseph mckenna joseph tyree sneed iii judicial activism kim mclane wardlaw lorenzo sawyer michael daly hawkins michael newdow montana nevada oregon pamela ann rymer personality rights pledge of allegiance political liberalism president of the united states procter hug ronald reagan sandra segal ikuta senior status shirley hufstedler sidney runyan thomas stephen reinhardt supreme court of the united states thomas tang tom delay united states commerce court united states congress united states constitution united states district court for the northern mariana islands united states circuit court united states court of appeals united states district court united states federal judicial district united states territorial court vanna white wallace mccamant washington western united states william albert norris william ball gilbert william henry sawtelle william howard taft william mckinley william rehnquist